Post-WWI $\times$ German Outflow$_{1910-20}$&      -0.012\sym{***}&      -0.015\sym{***}&      -0.015\sym{***}&      -0.016\sym{***}\\
            &     (0.004)         &     (0.004)         &     (0.004)         &     (0.004)         \\
\\[-1.5em] \hline Observations&      10,353         &      10,353         &      10,353         &      10,353         \\
Counties    &       2,227         &       2,227         &       2,227         &       2,227         \\
Effect at mean outflow&      -0.004         &      -0.005         &      -0.006         &      -0.006         \\
Adj.\ R$^2$ &       0.875         &       0.876         &       0.876         &       0.878         \\
\\[-1.5em] \hline Pre-war \% Germans and draft rate&         Yes         &         Yes         &         Yes         &         Yes         \\
Pre-war population and sex ratio&                     &         Yes         &         Yes         &         Yes         \\
Pre-war manufacturing and urbanization&                     &                     &         Yes         &         Yes         \\
Time-varying population&                     &                     &                     &         Yes         \\
